---
title: Rice methodology refinement
description: Methodology refinement for rice crops
---

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# Rice methodology refinement

## Methodology refinement for rice crops

### Overview

For any emission factor quantification with rice as the measured crop, there are a few refinements that are specific to rice management. There are four activities which deviate from the general methodology for these activities. Those refinements are all listed in this document.  

1. Irrigation infrastructure
2. Seed transportation
3. Tillage machinery
4. Planting machinery

### Irrigation infrastructure

Irrigation infrastructure includes energy required to deliver water to the plant and piping/metal/etc. but not the water emissions itself from the soil. Emissions are calculated from the amount of water used to produce the measured crop given an irrigation method.

The following Ecoinvent emissions coefficients are used for any rice crop. This refinement is important to account for flooding.

| If Regrow irrigation method is: | then this EcoInvent Irrigation EF coefficient will be used. |
| --- | --- |
| **U.S. geographies**<https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1j4RolIgEyqo5cehUJmEXP6gnTKZz1zfI> |  |
| Flood or Furrow | irrigation, surface |
| Sprinkler | irrigation, sprinkler |
| Subsurface\_drip or drip | irrigation, drip |
| **All other geographies** |  |
| No method required | use market for irrigation EF coefficient |

This assumes only one Ecoinvent emissions coefficient per cultivation cycle, and no change from general water amount assumptions in general irrigation methodology ([link](https://help.regrow.ag/irrigation-infrastructure-tier-1-methodology?hsLang=en)). For example, if a rice crop has 2 flood-drainage events for the cultivation cycle, then only one "irrigation, surface" Ecoinvent coefficient will be applied using the water amount assumed from irrigation methodology. 

### Seed transportation

Seeding transportation includes the movement of rice from production to farm-gate. We assume the use of Ecoinvent EF coefficient: market of rice seed, for sowing, GLO along with the following modes. 

| Dataset name | Geo | Reference Product | ***intermediate\_input*** | unit |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| market group for transport, freight, inland waterways, barge, diesel | Global (GLO) | transport, freight, inland waterways, barge, diesel | 0.071 | metric ton\*km |
| market group for transport, freight, lorry, diesel, unspecified | Global (GLO) | transport, freight, lorry, diesel, unspecified | 0.355 | metric ton\*km |
| market group for transport, freight, train, fleet average | Global (GLO) | transport, freight, train, fleet average | 0.113 | metric ton\*km |

### Tillage Machinery

In the U.S. this is the refinement to tillage machinery assumed for rice to account for lighter tillage machinery use common in the U.S.

| **If the following tillage category** | **then this Ecoinvent EF coefficient will be used** |
| --- | --- |
| Conventional Till | tillage, cultivating, chiselling, US |
| Reduced Till | tillage, harrowing, by tandem disk, US |

Planting Machinery

Rice in the U.S. uses the **planting, by drill, US** Ecoinvent EF coefficient. All other geographies will continue to use assumed planting machinery listed in general planting machinery methodology ([link](https://help.regrow.ag/planting-machinery-use?hsLang=en)).

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